Little Women
Louisa May Alcott (1832–88) was born in Pennsylvania and grew up in Concord, Massachusetts. She was the second of four daughters of the Transcendentalist Bronson Alcott, and counted among her acquaintances the Emerson and Thoreau families. Her father’s somewhat impractical ideals meant that the family lived in poverty, especially after a disastrous cooperative-living experiment (which inspired her to write Transcendental Wild Oats, 1873); but after publishing many stories in weekly papers, a memoir of her Civil War nursing experiences, several abolitionist romances, and a novel, Moods (1864), Alcott achieved success and financial security with Little Women (1868–9) and its sequels, Little Men (1871) and Jo’s Boys (1886).
Jane Gardam was born in North Yorkshire in 1928 and spent her childhood in the country before winning a scholarship to study English at what is now Royal Holloway, University of London. Gardam began her writing career with children’s books and her first published book, A Long Way from Verona (1971), won the Phoenix Award. Her first novel for adults, God on the Rocks (1978), was adapted for television and shortlisted for the Booker Prize. She has won the Whitbread/Costa Prize twice, for The Hollow Land (1981) and The Queen of the Tambourine (1991). Old Filth (2004), her best-selling novel about the Hong Kong barrister Edward Feathers, was shortlisted for the Orange Prize and was followed by The Man in the Wooden Hat (2009; winner of the LA Times Book Prize) and Last Friends (2013), which was shortlisted for the Folio Prize in 2014.